Ekosistem Agri-Fintech dan Inklusi Keuangan Pedesaan: Mendorong Investasi Pertanian Cerdas Iklim bagi Petani Kecil

Abstract

Digital transformation in agriculture has accelerated the emergence of agri-fintech ecosystems as a strategic instrument for expanding rural financial inclusion and strengthening smallholder farmers’ investment capacity in the face of climate-related risks. However, the relationship between digital financial services, financial inclusion, and climate-smart agricultural investment remains fragmented across the literature and lacks a comprehensive conceptual integration. This article aims to examine the role of the agri-fintech ecosystem in promoting climate-smart agricultural investment through enhanced rural financial inclusion. The study employs a Systematic Literature Review method with a thematic analysis approach based on 20 internationally reputable scholarly publications published between 2021 and 2025. The findings indicate that agri-fintech ecosystems improve smallholders’ access to digital payments, savings, credit, insurance, and agricultural value-chain financing that are often inaccessible through conventional financial institutions. Enhanced financial inclusion subsequently increases farmers’ capacity to invest in climate-smart technologies, low-carbon agricultural practices, and climate adaptation strategies. The article argues that rural financial inclusion serves as the critical intermediary mechanism linking agri-fintech innovation with sustainable agricultural development. The study contributes a conceptual framework that integrates agri-fintech, rural financial inclusion, climate-smart agricultural investment, and sustainable rural transformation, offering important implications for agricultural finance and rural development policies in developing countries.