Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem Drainase Perkotaan dalam Mengurangi Risiko Banjir pada Kawasan Permukiman Padat

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance of urban drainage systems in reducing flood risk in densely populated residential areas. Rapid urbanization, land use change, and limited infiltration capacity often overload existing drainage networks, leading to recurrent flooding. The research aims to measure system effectiveness, identify critical constraints, and propose practical improvements. A quantitative approach is applied using field observations, hydraulic capacity analysis, and assessment of rainfall intensity, runoff, and channel conditions. Data are collected from selected high density settlements that frequently experience inundation. Performance indicators include flow capacity, drainage connectivity, maintenance condition, and response time during peak rainfall events. The results show that many channels operate below design capacity due to sedimentation, solid waste accumulation, and structural deterioration. Inadequate maintenance and unplanned urban growth further reduce system efficiency. Consequently, flood risk remains high even under moderate rainfall conditions. The study highlights the need for integrated management that combines infrastructure upgrading, routine maintenance, and community participation in waste control. Strengthening monitoring systems and adopting adaptive design standards are also essential to improve resilience. These findings provide empirical evidence to support policy and planning decisions aimed at enhancing urban drainage performance and reducing flood vulnerability in dense residential environments in developing urban contexts.