Evaluasi Efektivitas Kebijakan Rehabilitasi Daerah Aliran Sungai dalam Mengurangi Risiko Banjir di Kabupaten Bima

Abstract

The increasing flood risk in Bima Regency indicates that watershed degradation remains a critical issue in environmental governance in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of watershed rehabilitation policies in reducing flood risk and to identify the legal and institutional factors influencing their implementation. The research employs an empirical legal method with a socio-legal approach. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and document analysis of regulations and watershed rehabilitation policies in Bima Regency. The findings reveal that rehabilitation programs through reforestation and land conservation have positively contributed to restoring upstream areas; however, their effectiveness remains limited due to weak supervision, poor inter-agency coordination, land-use conversion, and low public participation. This study argues that the success of watershed rehabilitation is determined not only by technical environmental conservation measures but also by the effectiveness of environmental law and regional institutional governance. The study contributes to the development of environmental law studies by applying a socio-legal perspective that positions watershed rehabilitation as a legal instrument for disaster mitigation based on sustainable natural resource management.